As he had promised, he appointed Justices of conservative philosophy to the Supreme Court. One of the most dramatic events of his first term occurred in , when American astronauts made the first moon landing. Some of his most acclaimed achievements came in his quest for world stability. During visits in to Beijing and Moscow, he reduced tensions with China and the U. His summit meetings with Russian leader Leonid I. Brezhnev produced a treaty to limit strategic nuclear weapons. In , his Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, negotiated disengagement agreements between Israel and its opponents, Egypt and Syria.
In his bid for office, Nixon defeated Democratic candidate George McGovern by one of the widest margins on record. The break-in was traced to officials of the Committee to Re-elect the President. A number of administration officials resigned; some were later convicted of offenses connected with efforts to cover up the affair. Nixon denied any personal involvement, but the courts forced him to yield tape recordings which indicated that he had, in fact, tried to divert the investigation.
Agnew resigned in Ford as Vice President. In his last years, Nixon gained praise as an elder statesman. By the time of his death on April 22, , he had written numerous books on his experiences in public life and on foreign policy.
The Presidential biographies on WhiteHouse. Copyright by the White House Historical Association. Army near the Big Hole River in Montana. The conflict between the U. Like his band the Grateful Dead, which was still going strong three decades after its formation, Jerry Garcia defied his life-expectancy not merely by surviving, but by thriving creatively and commercially into the s—far longer than most of his peers.
His long, strange trip Live TV. This Day In History. History Vault. Art, Literature, and Film History. Ancient Rome. Sign Up. Native American History. Just before noon the next day, Nixon officially ended his term as the 37th president of the United States.
Before departing with his family in a helicopter from the White House lawn, he smiled farewell and enigmatically raised his arms in a victory or peace salute. The helicopter door was then closed, and the Nixon family began their journey home to San Clemente, California. Minutes later, Vice President Gerald R.
Soon after, two other former White House aides were implicated in the break-in, but the Nixon administration denied any involvement. Later that year, reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward of The Washington Post discovered a higher-echelon conspiracy surrounding the incident, and a political scandal of unprecedented magnitude erupted.
One week later, Harvard law professor Archibald Cox was sworn in as special Watergate prosecutor. Haldeman, and that President Nixon had been aware of the cover-up. Meanwhile, Watergate prosecutor Cox and his staff began to uncover widespread evidence of political espionage by the Nixon reelection committee, illegal wiretapping of thousands of citizens by the administration, and contributions to the Republican Party in return for political favors.
In July, the existence of what were to be called the Watergate tapes—official recordings of White House conversations between Nixon and his staff—was revealed during the Senate hearings.
Cox subpoenaed these tapes, and after three months of delay President Nixon agreed to send summaries of the recordings. Cox rejected the summaries.
In what became known as the Saturday Night Massacre , on October 20, , in an unprecedented show of executive power, Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus to fire Cox, but both men refused and resigned their posts in protest.
Cox's successor as special prosecutor, Leon Jaworski, leveled indictments against several high-ranking administration officials, including Mitchell and Dean, who were duly convicted. Meanwhile, on November 14, , U. District Judge Gerhard Gesell ruled that Cox's dismissal had been illegal.
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