He treats his children as he would anyone else in Maycomb, with respect and without. He shows human courage, which gives us the idea that Atticus is a common and inconspicuous man he is represented from the eyes of the children, who are getting some heat from all his actions. There is an idea in the novel that children have a sense of justice and become prejudice only under the influence of others.
This symbol is shown in court when Mr. Gilmer and Atticus cross-examine each of the witnesses. Gilmer was, just because Tom Robinson was of African-American descent. As Atticus has explained to Scout many times, Atticus values justice and equality. He also believes that everyone is equal. As Atticus says to Scout, if he defend Mr.
He says and does this to set an example for his children to follow, because if he expects them to do or follow something, then he must display it to them first. Lastly, Atticus Finch, possibly the most important symbolic character, represents justice throughout the whole novel.
Atticus practices and teaches his children to be morally correct and to do what is right. Going against what the majority of the residents, Atticus hopes for justice and tries to do what seems impossible in Maycomb—prove a black man innocent based solely on the word of a white family. He believes in equality and never gives up on hope for his children. He disciplines them like adults, rather than the typical way of disciplining children. Atticus Finch has black hair, that is slowly turning gray, and he wears glasses because of the carried down eye problem.
He is about 50 years old, and he is going blind in his left eye. His personality was one that any people strive to have. Is he questioning the moral judgment of his father who seems to evince an easy, complacent acceptance of the racist views that stung him into a rage? And what about Atticus? When he settles back to read the local paper, is he simply resuming his bookish ways, or is he evading the truth about Mrs.
Dubose and the community of Maycomb by distracting himself with the comforting minutiae of life in his little town? This lesson is divided into two parts, both accessible below. The student version, an interactive PDF, contains all of the above except the responses to the close reading questions and the follow-up assignment. To Kill a Mockingbird is one of the most popular novels ever to be published in the United States.
Since it appeared in , millions of copies have been sold, and in it was made into an award-winning movie. Readers have embraced its protagonist, lawyer Atticus Finch, as a hero, a brave man who follows his conscience in the pursuit of justice even though most of his neighbors oppose him, and he knows his cause is lost.
Even though the racism of the Atticus who appears in Go Set a Watchman , the first draft of To Kill a Mockingbird published in , has disappointed many, there is much to admire in him as he was portrayed in Nonetheless, as careful readers we must seek to understand him fully.
This lesson follows suggestions in chapter 11 that raise questions about the scope and depth of his moral vision. Chapter 11, which concludes part one of the novel, ends the largely idyllic portrayal of Maycomb and deepens the foreshadowing of the tragedy we encounter in part two.
Chiefly, however, it introduces Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose, a minor but important character. This lesson examines what she represents; how she functions in the novel, and how Scout, Jem, and Atticus respond to her. Scout, Jem, and Atticus judge Mrs. Dubose, and this lesson asks you to judge their judgments.
Scout and Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose. What position does Mrs. If it is impossible for the Finch children to get to town without passing Mrs. Thus her home is located at a key entry point to the heart of Maycomb. One might say that she controls the approach to the town from one direction.
What does CSA stand for? Confederate States of America, the official name of the government that attempted to secede from the United States in What does the fact that Mrs. Obviously, it suggests that no one knows for sure if she is concealing a gun, but it also suggests that she is enough of a public presence in the town to be the subject of the sort of speculation and discussion that spawn rumor.
When Scout and Jem pass her house, Mrs. It has military connotations, suggesting the placement of soldiers in strategic locations. Considering that Mrs. She presents her as a sentinel or guard who is on watch to protect the town in some way. What does Mrs. Dubose do from her outpost on the porch?
She questions people who pass by, rather in the way a guard might. She also passes judgment on their behavior. What does it suggest about Mrs. It suggests that her judgments have a public dimension, that she is speaking to the town. When Jem and Scout pass her house, Mrs.
Dubose insults their father. What is her main complaint against Atticus? Dubose represents and upholds in the public judgments she renders from her porch. How do we know that Mrs. Dubose is trying to be deliberately hurtful with these remarks?
Why is it significant that the narrator tells us that Mrs. Up to this point in the novel, only children, Cecil Jacobs and cousin Francis, have insulted Atticus. Their attacks carry less weight than those of adults, even though they may echo the opinions of adults. With Mrs. Given the role that she plays in Maycomb — that of town sentinel and public enforcer of its traditions — it is clear that she speaks for much of the community of Maycomb. Her words carry substantial weight.
When Jem and Scout visit Mrs. As we have seen, Harper Lee links Mrs. How do these associations explain why Jem attacks the flowers? When Jem cuts the heads off the camellias, he is responding to the insults Mrs.
Dubose she has delivered against his father and the Finch family. He cannot attack her, so he does the next best thing: he goes after her prized flowers. The camellias are a stand-in for the old lady herself. After Jem attacks the flowers, Mrs. Dubose taunts him by saying that the blossoms have re-grown. Considering the associations that cluster around Mrs. It symbolizes the resilience of the attitudes and values held by Mrs. Together the camellias and Mrs. This is why Scout tells the reader at the start of the novel that Maycomb County had recently been told it had nothing to fear but fear itself.
Families like the Finch family and their neighbours such as Miss Maudie and Aunt Rachel are seen as middle class but the Ewell family are regarded as white trash. The term white trash refers to white people, particularly those living in the southern states of America, who are poor and who have a poor standard of living. The term was first heard in and was initially used by black enslaved people to describe poor white people. Rich white people then began to use the term to describe those white people who they felt were socially inferior to them.
The Ewells live near the town dump and Bob Ewell, who is the head of the household, cannot keep a job for very long.
Instead he lives on handouts from the state, money which he selfishly spends on alcohol. This leaves his children starving and it takes Mayella Ewell a whole year to save enough money to afford to buy each of her brothers and sisters an ice cream cone. The children are dirty, illiterate and covered with lice. Through them Harper Lee presents the reader with a less than ideal family. Dill on the other hand is well dressed and well cared for but there is still a sense that he is unwanted by his family, particularly when his mother remarries.
His step-father promises to do lots of things with him but little of it comes to fruition, During the summer he prefers to stay with his Aunt Rachel in Maycomb. Atticus treats his children as mature individuals who must learn respect. He believes this is the correct way to show that he loves them and wants the very best for them.
Atticus to Jem.
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